First, define “communicate”
Plants release chemicals, respond to damage, alter nearby organisms, and participate in underground networks. Calling all of that “talking” makes a good headline, but it can hide several different mechanisms.
The interesting question
Communication needs a signal, a sender, and a receiver whose behavior changes. Which plant interactions meet that test—and which are only side effects that another organism happens to detect?
This exploration will separate airborne chemical signals, root interactions, and fungal networks rather than treating them as one mysterious plant language.